![]() ![]() As a result of technology advances, the open offices, adopting a hot-desking approach to the workplace are seeing more employees telecommuting, using technology to participate in virtual teams and using the office in general on an ad hoc basis (Bernstein & Waber 2020). Hot-desking is a working style that has been adopted by organisations more recently, where an individual does not have a seating arrangement, however desks, equipment, meeting rooms and other components of the office environment are used on an as-needed basis by various individuals in the organisation (Bernstein & Waber 2020). Individuals may have designated seating arrangements however more recently, the definition of open office has been adjusted as the adoption of hot-desking has become more prominent within organisations (Bernstein & Waber 2020). The open office has traditionally been described as being an office that does not have closed offices or walls and has an open layout which allows staff to see their co-workers around them (Miet 2015). As more organisations adopted the open office layout, studies into the advantages and disadvantages have provided significant insights into how an office layout impacts productivity, communication, staff satisfaction and even health. The migration over to the open office was met with much resistant in many workplaces, as having a closed office was viewed in many cultures as a symbol of respect and status (Marrewijk & Van den Ende 2018). During this period, the main attractions behind implementing such a layout in the office were cost savings on real-estate by sizing down the office space, putting employees into closer proximity to their managers, and to increase the frequency and quality of communication and collaboration within the workforce (Pierrette et al. ![]() ![]() The open office structure was mainly reserved for support staff however in the following few decades, more staff were moved from closed offices into cubicles, then from cubicles into the open floor plan (Pierrette et al. The concept of the open office was originally developed by the two German brothers, Eberhard and Wolfgang Schnelle, gaining popularity in the 1950s (Pierrette et al. ![]()
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